Buckling analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich truncated conical shells reinforced by FGM stiffeners filled inside by elastic foundations
As a first endeavor, the thermal buckling behavior of pre-twisted functionally graded (FG) beams with temperature-dependent material properties is investigated. The governing stability equations are derived based on the third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) in conjunction with the adjacent equilibrium state criterion under the von Kármán's nonlinear kinematic assumptions using the Chebyshev-Ritz method. The Chebyshev polynomials multiplied with some suitable boundary functions are used as the basis functions, which allow one to analyze the beams with different boundary conditions. The extracted system of nonlinear algebraic eigenvalue equations is solved iteratively to obtain the critical temperature rise. The convergence behavior together with accuracy of the solution method and the correctness of formulation are demonstrated through different examples. Then, the influences of the linear and nonlinear variation of the angle of twist along the beam axis, the val...
